Citrus mealybug planococcus citri grape mealybug ants tending vine mealybugs in early spring mealybug crawlers on vine pruning vine mealybug note lack of filaments mealybug attacked by mealybug destroyer larva adult citrus mealybug statewide ipm program, agriculture and natural resources, university of california. Planococcus a genus of pseudococcidae genus planococcus arthropod genus a genus of arthropods family pseudococcidae, pseudococcidae scalelike. Most of the citrus farms grew orange cultivars navelina, moro. Since 1970, its biological control implementation continue by means of releases of cryptolaemus montrouzieri mulsant coleoptera. However, specimens from this study were sent by cabaleiro to yair bendov and identified as planococcus ficus signoret yair bendov, unpublished data, july, 1998. Citrus insects publications acis university of arizona. Citrus mealybug planococcus citri draft, pdf file 166kb 2004 part of the publication citrus arthropod pest management in arizona yuma county farm notes biological control in arizona citrus 903 citrus report articles. Later, it was determined as a related philippine species, p. Passionvine mealybug, planococcus minor maskell hemiptera.
Sexspecific dispersal behaviour of crawlers in the mealybug. Recent literature suggests that earlier records may be erroneous in certain regions due to misidentification of easily confused mealybugs, namely p. Sexspecific dispersal behaviour of crawlers in the mealybug planococcus citri l. Pdf identification of planococcus ficus and planococcus. Shivankar and shyam singh national research centre for citrus, amravati road, nagpur 440 010, india abstract mealy bugs are destructive to citrus causing severe losses in peninsular and northeastern india. Cooperative extension citrus mealybug planococcus citri. Males of the mealy bug, planococcus citri, do not feed throughout their nymphal stages of development nor after they emerge as adults.
This document is eny920 in920, one of a series of the entomology and nematology department, florida cooperative extension service, institute of food and agricultural sciences, university of florida. Ang planococcus citri sakop sa kahenera nga planococcus sa kabanay nga pseudococcidae. Shuker3 1centre for ecological and evolutionary studies, university of groningen, po box 14, 9750 aa haren, the netherlands 2institute of evolutionary biology, school of biological sciences, university of edinburgh. The results of an integrated control programme conducted at 35 citrus farms in eastern sicily in 199396 are summarized, with particular reference to the biological control of the pseudococcid planococcus citri by releases of the encyrtid leptomastix dactylopii and the coccinellid cryptolaemus montrouzieri. Planococcus citri risso males may fertilize an average of nine females, with a maximum of 27 females during male life span. College of agriculture cooperative extension, university of arizona. Citrus mealybug is highly polyphagous and is especially important on citrus in many parts of the world kennett et al. The total number of eggs laid, incubation period, developmental period and adult longevity p. Pagka karon wala pay siak nga nalista ubos niini niya. Identification of planococcus ficus and planococcus citri hemiptera. Media in category planococcus citri the following 17 files are in this category, out of 17 total. In third instar males, testis sheath cells in endoanaphase and endotelophase exhibited 5h and either 40 or 80e. In the second season, 2009 there is no mealybug, p.
Planococcus definition of planococcus by the free dictionary. Citrus mealybug planococcus citri edis university of florida. Planococcus synonyms, planococcus pronunciation, planococcus translation, english dictionary definition of planococcus. It are rubber dispensers containing the speciesspecific sex pheromone released by the female citrus mealybug. Planococcus citri noun the noun planococcus citri has 1 sense 1. Espesye sa insekto nga una nga gihulagway ni antoine risso ni adtong 18 ang planococcus citri. Coccidoxenoides perminutus parasitando planococcus citri em videira no brasil. It is a cheap source of carbohydrate in the diets of millions of people worldwide and in tropical west africa. The passionvine mealybug, planococcus minor maskell, a. Sex specific dispersal behaviour of crawlers in the mealybug planococcus citri l.
Deinococcus,marinococcus micrococcus, planococcus, staphylococcus, stomatococcus mucilaginsosus micrococcaceae are not a coherent group. What are the benefits of the planococcus citri pheromone. Sex pheromone and analogs of the citrus mealybug, planococcus. The female nymphs resemble the adult females kerns et al. Black garden ant tending citrus mealybug 15876770928. The pest first appeared during the 1930s and caused serious losses to the coffee crop of kenya.
Planococcus citri an overview sciencedirect topics. Planococcus citri is a highly polyphagous, adaptable mealybug that can feed on many host plants in a variety of conditions, and can reproduce rapidly. Males are rare, typically fly in the early morning, and live only a few hours. Although planococcus minor has a very broad host range, not all host records are necessarily reliable. Growth characteristics were determined in high salinity 10 to 18% nacl media from subzero. In males of the mealy bug, planococcus citri, the heterochromatic h set in testis sheath cells and in most of the oenocytes apparently did not replicate while the euchromatic e set was undergoing several cycles of endoreplication. The aforementioned natural enemies were found feeding on the citrus mealybug, planococcus citri infesting croton shrubs. Feb 07, 20 bacterial growth and viabilityactivity assays. Planococcus citri, commonly known as the citrus mealybug, is a species of mealybugs native to asia. It is associated with citrus, but it attacks a wide range of crop plants, ornamental plants, and wild flora. The citrus mealybug overwinters as an egg on the upper roots, trunk, and lower branches of a tree. View of postharvest phytosanitary irradiation disinfestation of. Discovery of complex symbiotic system comprising the.
Pseudococcidae 3 population dynamics mealybugs are most common during the spring and early summer. Coccidoxenoides perminutus parasitizing planococcus citri on vine. Nonreplication of heterochromatic chromosomes in a mealy. Harsimran kaur gill, gaurav goyal, and jennifer gillettkaufman2.
Coccoidea is a cosmopolitan species that feeds on wide range of host plants and causes economic damage to both crops and ornamental plants bendov et al. Biological control of citrus mealybug planococcus citri risso pseudococcidae contacts go to all. From those of the mealybug family, the citrus mealybug, planococcus citri. Insecta, hemimetabola, hemiptera, sternorrhyncha, coccomorpha, coccoidea, pseudococcidae common name. First, it was identified as the common, widespread, citrus mealybug planococcus citri risso. Several overlapping generations occur in a year, but only one cycle springsummer is of major concern to citrus growers in florida, with peak infestations occurring in june or july. Sex specific dispersal behaviour of crawlers in the.
Sex ratios and the status of the male in pseudococcinae hem. Planococcus citri pseccioverview eppo global database. Triple coitus in the mealy bug, planococcus citri risso. Planococcus specimens from south florida often score in an intermediate range on the cox score, and frequently are not clearly referable to either p.
Eggs are produced sexually or asexually parthenogenesis. Pseudococcidae by pcrrflp of coi gene article pdf available in zootaxa 18161816. Pseudococcidae 2 nymphs are yellow, ovalshaped with red eyes, and covered with white waxy particles griffiths and thompson 1957. Mealybugs family pseudococcidae are ovalshaped, segmented, softbodied insects covered with white, mealy wax. These insects affect young leaves, shoots, fruits and flowers, resulting in the reduction of. They are somewhat elongated and segmented and have waxy filaments extending from their hind end, giving the appearance of a tail. They are, nevertheless, highly active in mating during the. The citrus mealybug, is a cosmopolitan pest and affects many crops. In agricultural insect pests of the tropics and their control, 2nd edition. Molecular identification of three of the most important mealybug species hemiptera. Pdf on jan 1, 2014, emmanuel asiedu and others published biology of planococcus citri risso hemiptera.
Planococcus citri is the most common greenhouse species and is the most damaging. In planococcus citri, similarly, tryptophan and arginine were the only two essential amino acids for which all biosynthetic pathway genes are available, but, notably, genes of the. An planococcus minor in uska species han insecta nga syahan ginhulagway ni william miles maskell hadton 1897. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link page. Effects of plant growth regulators on survival and fitness of. Temporal variation in sex allocation in the mealybug. Mealybugs are pink, softbodied insects that range in size from 1. It has been reported on over 200 hostplant species belonging to 191 genera and 82 families, and can seriously damage many crops, particularly citrus and glasshouse tomatoes. Presence of grapevine leafrollassociated virus 3 in primary salivary glands of the mealybug vector planococcus citri suggests a circulative transmission mechanism. Coccinellidae and leptomastix dactylopii howard hymenoptera. Biological control of citrus mealybug, planococcus citri.
Yam is an important staple cash crop, which constitutes 53% of total root and tuber consumption in west africa. Nerium oleander oleander and viburnum odoratissimum sweet viburnum are garden and landscape plants with remarkable ornamental value, which can be infested by the oleander aphid aphis nerii and the citrus mealybug planococcus citri, respectively. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Indoors the pest infests ornamentals, outdoors perennial crops in tropical and subtropical zones. Micrococcus is closely related to arthrobacter, planococcus is related to bacillus, while the radioresistant cocci called deinococcus have atypical gram positive cell walls. There is a sexual maturation period of the adult males which lasted for about 42 h. Citrus mealybug planococcus citri draft, pdf file 166kb 2004 part of the publication citrus arthropod pest management in arizona. Planococcus citri, commonly known as the citrus mealybug, is a species of mealybugs native to.
Planococcus citri ingar i slaktet planococcus och familjen ullskoldloss. It has been introduced to the rest of the world, including europe, the americas, and oceania, as an agricultural pest. However, attack by planococcus citri results in shriveling of the tubers, making them become light and unpalatable. On the other hand, although leptomastix dactylopii, an encyrtid parasitoid of planococcus citri, was found to be responsible for the suppression of p. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Pdf bioecological characteristics of planococcus citri risso, 18. They are often found between touching fruit, under the calyx or in the navels of oranges, producing honeydew on which sooty mould can grow. Planococcus citri is a highly polyphagous, adaptable mealybug that can feed on.
Pseudococcidae is one of the main citrus pests in turkey. C t q e hotwater treatments for control of planococcus. Combined with a suitable trap, you can detect an infestation in time and get a clear indication of the population size and development. Planococcus citri ar en insektsart som forst beskrevs av antoine risso 18. Effects of plant growth regulators on survival and fitness. Planococcus citri noun the noun planococcus citri has 1 sense. We report here on research to determine the effectiveness of different hotwater immersion periods and temperatures on p. Sex pheromone and analogs of the citrus mealybug, planococcus citri. Mar 01, 2010 the parasitic species was the encyrtid, coccidoxenoides peregrinus timberlake. Pseudococcidae on ornamental plants in guilan province, iran.
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